2. Clark Harrison, Senior Technical Advisor – TETRA Technologies
Presenting – “Impact of Divalent Ions on Formation Damage Induced by Completion Brine and Mitigation Strategies in Oil and Gas Wells”
Completion brines are water-based solutions with soluble salts, used to maintain well control and prevent formation damage. The brine type depends on reservoir conditions, with densities ranging from 8.4 lb/gal to 20 lb/gal. Divalent salts like calcium chloride and calcium bromide are commonly used but can cause both beneficial and harmful effects on the formation.
Formation damage can significantly reduce reservoir productivity. Divalent ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺, Fe²⁺) contribute to this through interactions that cause scale deposition and changes in wettability. Scale forms when these ions react with formation water anions (sulfate, sulfide, carbonate), precipitating water insoluble compounds like calcium carbonate or barium sulfate, which block pore spaces. Additionally, production can be hindered as divalent ions can increase the affinity between oil and the rock surface thus shifting it to a more oil-wet state. Furthermore, divalent ions can destabilize asphaltenes, forming emulsions and sludge that clog the formation.
This paper examines the impact of divalent ions on formation damage and explores mitigation strategies, including chemical inhibitors, controlled water injection, and ion-exchange treatments, to optimize production and minimize risks.
Clark Harrison brings over 35 years of combined technical and business experience in the reservoir drill-in and completion fluids sector. With deep expertise in fluid design and application, Clark has built a reputation for delivering effective, field-proven solutions through mitigating formation damage to maximize well productivity. His commitment to technical integrity and performance continues to guide his work as a Senior Technical Advisor at TETRA Technologies Inc., where he supports operations worldwide.
Clark holds a Bachelor of Science in Microbiology from Louisiana Tech University and is a graduate of the Executive MBA program at Rice University.
3. Amit Agrawal, Senior Global Technical Advisor – Halliburton
Presenting – “Formation Damage from a Hydraulic Fracturing Perspective”
Hydraulic fracture treatments are typically designed to produce some desired propped fracture length, of sufficient conductivity to economically drain a portion of the reservoir.
Frequently, post fracture pressure transient analysis indicates a much shorter fracture length than what was designed. One of the possible reasons for this shorter than expected fracture length is that while the proper fracture length was created and propped, the effective fracture length is much shorter due to poor clean-up of the fracture.
Poor fracture clean up can be the result of inadequate breaking of the frac gel, inadequate fracture conductivity for the formation permeability, inadequate formation pressure, water block, emulsion block or other mechanisms.
In this presentation various formation damage causes will be discussed along with consideration of stress shadow effect to maintain connectivity and conductivity of created fractures. Current industry practices and a case history to address formation damage post fracturing operation to sustain long term productivity in shale fracturing will also be discussed.
Amit Agrawal is currently working as Sr. Global Technical Advisor for the Production Enhancement Technical Service group at Halliburton Technology Centre in Houston.
Amit started his career 18 years ago with Halliburton Technology Center at Pune- India. He has worked within production enhancement technology and operations in various areas of Asia, Middle East, Europe and Africa before moving to the USA.
His current role keeps him engaged with the Halliburton’s global technical leads identifying solutions for various production enhancement or stimulation related activities which involves, Hydraulic Fracturing (Conventional / Unconventional), Sand Control, Acidizing, Water shut-off, Scale and Organic damage removal.
Amit holds master’s degree in chemical engineering from India.